Polyurethane is the abbreviation of polyurethane, and its English name is polyurethane, it is a polymer material. Polyurethane is an emerging organic polymer material, known as“the fifth largest plastic” and is widely used in many fields of the national economy due to its excellent performance. Product application fields include light industry, chemical industry, electronics, textile, medical care, construction, building materials, automobiles, national defense, aerospace, aviation…
Because of its very wide range of applications, members of the polyurethane family are used in every different field They all play different roles. Let’s introduce each member of this big family separately.
1.PU soft foamFlexiblePU
Cushion material—such as seats and sofas , mattresses, etc., polyurethane soft foam is a very ideal cushion material, and cushioning is also the application field with the largest amount of soft foam;
Sound-absorbing material——Open-cell polyurethane soft foam has good sound absorption and shock absorption functions and can be used as indoor sound insulation materials;
Textile composite materials—— Shoulder pads, bra sponges, cotton pads; toys
2. PU rigid foamRigidPU
Refrigerating and refrigeration equipment—such as refrigerators, freezers, cold storages, refrigerated trucks, etc. Polyurethane rigid foam is the best choice for refrigeration and refrigeration equipment. Ideal thermal insulation material;
Industrial equipment insulation—such as storage tanks, pipelines, etc.;
Building materials——In developed countries in Europe and the United States, rigid polyurethane foam for construction accounts for about 70% of the total consumption of rigid foam, which is more than double the consumption of rigid foam such as refrigerators and freezers; in China, rigid foam Its application in the construction industry is not as common as in Western developed countries, so the potential for development is very large;
Transportation industryApplications in mining, metallurgy and other industries——sieve plates, shaking tables, etc.
Application in the mechanical industry ——Cots, tapes, seals, etc.;
Applications in the automobile industry——Tires and seals Circles, etc.;
Applications in light industry – polyurethane sole materials, polyurethane synthetic leather, polyurethane fiber;
at Applications in the construction industry—waterproofing materials, paving materials, potting materials, etc.
5. Polyurethane slurry
is divided into two categories: wet method and dry method. It is a polymer solution system with a transparent or slightly turbid appearance and a solid content of about ( 30-35)%, that is to say (65-70)% of it is solvent. Simply put, 1 ton of slurry contains (650-700) kilograms of solvent. For the dry method, it contains so much toluene and butanone. The amount of toluene is larger because toluene has better solubility. For the wet method, it contains 650-700 kg of pure DMF, so for the slurry, Changes in the prices of toluene and DMF have a great impact on the cost of slurry. The reason is simple because the dosage accounts for a large proportion.
Polyurethane slurry is used as coating to prepare polyurethane synthetic leather and artificial leather. Polyurethane synthetic leather has a soft, natural luster, soft hand feel, and a strong leather-like appearance. It has excellent mechanical properties such as excellent adhesion to the base material, anti-wear, flex resistance, anti-aging, and good mold resistance. It also has It has the advantages of good cold resistance, breathability, washability, easy processing, and low price. It is the most ideal substitute for natural leather and is widely used in clothing, shoemaking, luggage, furniture, sports and other industries. It can be substituted in all areas where dermis is used, and it can also be used in areas where dermis cannot be applied. The market price of dermis is easily affected by the prices of animals (cattle, sheep, pigs, etc., mad cow disease).
6. Polyurethane coating
The main application areas of polyurethane coatings are: aircraft, ships, vehicle coating; surface coating of wood, plastic, rubber, leather; building coating ;Anti-corrosion coating, etc.
Water-based polyurethane coating—uses water as the main medium, has the characteristics of low VOC content, low or no environmental pollution, and convenient construction. It is solvent-based One of the leading alternatives to paint. It has been widely used in many fields, such as: (1) wood paint and wood floor paint; (2) paper coating; (3) architectural coating; (4) leather coating; (5) fabric coating, etc. .
7. Polyurethane adhesive
Polyurethane adhesive contains highly polar and chemically active -NCO- (isocyanate ), -NHCOO- (urethane group), and base materials containing active hydrogen, such as foam, plastic, wood, leather, fabric, paper, ceramics and other porous materials, as well as metal, glass, rubber, plastic and other surfaces Smooth materials have excellent chemical adhesion; they have excellent shear strength and impact resistance, are suitable for various structural bonding fields, and have excellent flexibility properties; polyurethane adhesives have excellent rubber properties Characteristics, it can adapt to the bonding of substrates with different thermal expansion coefficients. It forms a soft-hard transition layer between the substrates, which not only has strong adhesion, but also has excellent buffering and shock-absorbing functions; low-temperature and ultra-low-temperature properties of polyurethane adhesives Outperforms all other types of adhesive;
Water-based polyurethane adhesive——Water-based polyurethane adhesive has the characteristics of low VOC content, low or no environmental pollution, and non-flammability. , is the key development direction of polyurethane adhesives.
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7. Polyurethane adhesive
Polyurethane adhesive contains highly polar and chemically active -NCO- (isocyanate ), -NHCOO- (urethane group), and base materials containing active hydrogen, such as foam, plastic, wood, leather, fabric, paper, ceramics and other porous materials, as well as metal, glass, rubber, plastic and other surfaces Smooth materials have excellent chemical adhesion; they have excellent shear strength and impact resistance, are suitable for various structural bonding fields, and have excellent flexibility properties; polyurethane adhesives have excellent rubber properties Characteristics, it can adapt to the bonding of substrates with different thermal expansion coefficients. It forms a soft-hard transition layer between the substrates, which not only has strong adhesion, but also has excellent buffering and shock-absorbing functions; low-temperature and ultra-low-temperature properties of polyurethane adhesives Outperforms all other types of adhesive;
Water-based polyurethane adhesive——Water-based polyurethane adhesive has the characteristics of low VOC content, low or no environmental pollution, and non-flammability. , is the key development direction of polyurethane adhesives.
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