Waterproofing agent refers to an admixture that can reduce the water permeability of mortar or concrete under hydrostatic pressure. Concrete is a heterogeneous material with pores of different sizes (gel pores, capillary pores and macropores) distributed in the body. The main function of the waterproofing agent is to reduce the pores inside the concrete, improve the density or change the pore characteristics and block the water seepage paths, so as to improve the impermeability of the concrete.
Air-entraining agent, air-entraining water-reducing agent, expansion agent, ferric chloride, aluminum chloride are often used , triethanolamine, sodium stearate, sodium methyl siliconate, sodium ethyl siliconate and other admixtures as waterproofing agents. Composite waterproofing agents are mostly used in projects. In addition to the above ingredients, sometimes a small amount of highly active mineral materials, such as silica fume, are also added.
Penetrating waterproof materials
(1) Functions of cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof materials
There is currently a cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproofing material on the market, which is made of Portland cement or ordinary silicic acid It is a penetrating waterproof material composed of cement, fine quartz sand or silica sand as the base material, mixed with active chemicals (catalysts) and other auxiliary materials. Its waterproofing mechanism is that through the capillary pores or micro-cracks in the concrete, it gradually penetrates into the interior of the concrete in the presence of water, and reacts with the cement hydration products to form crystals to make the concrete dense. The product is divided into waterproofing agent (Type A) and waterproof coating (Type C). When used, directly mix Type A) into the cement concrete or add water to make a slurry and apply it on the surface of the cement concrete (Type C) or dry sprinkle ( Type C) Apply pressure on the newly formed cement concrete surface (appropriate amount of water can be sprinkled to wet the waterproof material). The dosage of type A is 5% to 10%, and the amount of type C (dry spreading amount) is 1kg/m2 to 1.5kg/m2. Cement-based permeable crystallized waterproofing materials have good waterproofing effects and can increase the strength of surface concrete by 20% to 30%. Cement-based penetrating crystallized waterproofing materials must be spray cured after initial setting so that they can fully penetrate into the concrete.
(2) Raw materials for cement-based penetrating crystallized waterproofing materials
The raw materials of cement-based infiltration crystallized waterproofing materials mainly include unsaturated polyester resin, methyl methacrylate, and water-absorbing resin. These ingredients are in concrete It has good penetration ability, quickly enters the pores of concrete, blocks the holes, and plays a waterproof and anti-seepage role.
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