There are many types of adhesives, covering a wide range of areas, so there are many classification methods. The following are commonly used at present.
(1) According to the type classification of the basic components of the adhesive (adhesive), it can be divided into two categories: organic matter and inorganic matter. Organic matter can be divided into: synthetic resin type and natural type; while inorganic matter can be divided into: silicate, phosphate, sulfate, metal oxide gel, glass ceramic adhesive and other low melting point thing.
①There are four types of synthetic resins as follows.
Thermosetting resin type Phenolic resin, resorcinol formaldehyde resin, urea-formaldehyde resin, epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester, polyisocyanate, acrylic diester, silicone , polyimide, polybenzimidazole.
Thermoplastic resin type polyethyl acetate, vinyl chloride monovinyl acetate, acrylate, polystyrene, polyamide, alkyd resin, cellulose, cyano Acrylates, saturated polyesters, polyurethanes.
Rubber type Regenerated rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, butyl rubber, neoprene, polysulfide rubber, silicone rubber, polyurethane rubber.
Mixed type phenolic-polyvinyl acetal, phenolic-neoprene rubber, phenolic-cyanorubber, epoxy-phenolic, epoxy-polyamide, cyclo Oxy-cyano rubber, epoxy-nylon.
Natural types are also divided into 4 types
Glucose derivatives Starch, soluble starch, dextrin, gum arabic, sodium alginate.
Amino acid derivatives Vegetable protein, casein, blood protein, bone glue, fish glue,
Natural resins lignin, tannin, rosin, shellac, lacquer.
Bitumen Bituminous esters, asphaltenes.
(2) According to the characteristics of the curing process of the adhesive, it can be divided into four types.
①Chemical reaction curing adhesives such as epoxy resin glue, phenolic-nitrile glue, etc.
②Hot-melt adhesives such as polyethylene hot-melt adhesives, polyamide hot-melt adhesives, etc.
③Thermoplastic resin solution adhesive such as polyvinyl chloride solution glue, polycarbonate solution glue, etc.
④Pressure-sensitive adhesives such as polyisobutylene pressure-sensitive adhesives, etc.
Using this classification method, the curing process characteristics are clarified to facilitate practical application. In modern industrial applications, especially for the bonding of metal components, chemical reaction curing adhesives dominate.
(3) Classified according to the main application of the adhesive, it can be divided into five types.
①Structural adhesives are used for the bonding of stressed structural parts, and are the most widely used adhesives in the aviation industry. Commonly used such as aldehyde-acetal adhesive, epoxy-butyronitrile adhesive and so on.
②Universal adhesive
a. For the connection of non-stressed metal parts;
b. Used for bonding non-metallic materials such as wood and ceramics with low body strength,
c. Used for the repair of mechanical and electrical equipment, automobiles, and tractor parts. The strength of this type of glue requires a lot. But it requires convenient use and low price. Commonly used general-purpose glues such as epoxy adhesives. Spacer acrylate adhesives, polyurethane adhesives, etc.
Sealing adhesive is a liquid sealing material that replaces solid gaskets and is superior to solid gaskets for the connection parts of various machinery, vehicles, pipelines, and instruments.
It is currently under vigorous development, such as nylon sealant, silicone rubber sealant, etc.
Adhesives for soft materials are used for bonding rubber, soft plastics and fiber fabrics. Commonly used polyurethane adhesives, synthetic rubber glue and so on.
Special adhesives Special adhesives not only have a certain bonding strength, but also have the characteristics of electrical conductivity, magnetic conductivity, high temperature resistance, and ultra-low temperature resistance. Phenolic conductive adhesives, epoxy resin spot welding adhesives, ultra-low temperature polyurethane adhesives, etc.
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