What does anhydrous hydrofluoric acid do? Introduction to the properties of anhydrous hydrofluoric acid

[Alias] anhydrous hydrogen fluoride

［Molecular formula］HF

[Properties] Refers to a solution containing more than 95% hydrogen fluoride and less than 5% water. It is a colorless fuming liquid = easy to vaporize under reduced pressure or high temperature. , relative density 0.87, boiling point 19.54℃:, melting point -83.1℃. Can corrode glass and destroy other silicon-containing materials. It is irritating and toxic, and has a strong corrosive effect on skin and eyes. When dissolved in water, it releases heat violently and becomes hydrofluoric acid. It has strong water absorption and high chemical activity. It can combine with many metals and metal oxides, and can also perform fluorination reactions with organic matter. When meeting metal, it can emit hydrogen gas and easily cause combustion.

[Use] It is a raw material for the production of fluorine-containing resins, fluoride salts, organic fluorides, elemental fluorine and “Freon” refrigerants. Used in the nuclear industry to produce uranium hexafluoride. In the organic synthesis industry, it is used as a catalyst for polymerization, condensation, isomerization and alkylation. It is also used for the extraction of rare earth elements and radioactive elements, and can also be used as a glass etching agent and wood impregnating agent.

[Brief preparation method] The hydrogen fluoride gas produced by decomposing fluorite with sulfuric acid is produced by crude distillation and rectification.